汉武帝派朱买臣以设置朔方城的好处，来责问公孙弘。朱买臣共提出了修建朔方城的十大好处，公孙弘无法反驳朱买臣提出的十大好处，就赔罪说：我是崤山以东的粗人，真的不知道修朔方城还有这么多好处。但希望能把西南沧海郡暂时停下来，集中力量来修建朔方城。汉武帝同意了公孙弘的建议。
汲黯说：公孙弘位居三公，俸禄很多，但却盖布被，这是故意骗人。
皇帝就问公孙弘，公孙弘谢罪说：确有此事。九卿中与我交情深的莫过于汲黯了，但他今天在朝廷上诘难我，确实是说中了我的要害，我作为三公却盖布被，确实是巧行欺诈，沽名钓誉。
不过我听说管仲担任齐相时，有三处住宅，其奢侈可与国君相比。齐桓公依靠管仲而称霸天下，也是对在上位的国君的越礼行为。晏婴齐国为相辅佐齐景公，吃饭时从不吃两样以上的肉菜，妾不穿丝织的衣服，齐国治理的也很好，这是晏婴向下自比于百姓了。
如今我当上了御史大夫，却盖布被，使得上至九卿下至小吏，没有了贵贱的差别，确实像汲黯所说的那样。况且没有汲黯的忠诚，陛下又怎么能够听到这些话呢？汉武帝认为公孙弘谦让有礼，越发厚待他，后来任命他当了丞相，封为平津侯。
公孙弘为人猜忌多疑，外表宽宏大量，内心却城府很深。曾经跟他有嫌隙的人，公孙弘表面上与其很友善，暗中却加害报复他们。杀死了主父偃，董仲舒被改派到胶西国当相国，离开了朝廷，都与公孙弘有关。
他自己每顿饭只吃一个肉莱，和粗米饭，但他的一些老友及相好的宾朋的衣食，都是公孙弘资助的。公孙弘把全部俸禄，都用来资助他的这些老友，深得许多士大夫的称赞，而他的家中却没有剩余的财物。
公孙弘担任丞相之职，因事务繁忙，整日有处理不完政务，终因年事已高，不久便病倒了。此时淮南王和衡山王谋反，朝廷紧急平叛，追查党羽。公孙弘以为，诸侯谋反，是宰相不称职导致的，一旦自己默默死去，没办法向皇帝交待。
便上书说：我一直以为我的才智低下，又没有什么汗马功劳，是陛下格外施恩，把我从行伍中破格提拔上来，封为列侯，位居三公之职。我的德行才能都不足以和职位相称，平素又多病，恐怕不久将离于人世，最终无法报答陛下的恩德，尽臣子之责。我希望交回侯印，辞官回家，给那些贤者让位。
汉武帝答复说：奖赏有功的人，表彰有德行的人，守住先人的事业要崇尚文治，遭遇祸患就要用武功，这是千古不变的道理。你行事谨慎，憎恨丑恶的人，弘扬善良的人，常在我身边，是值得信赖的人。如今你偶感风寒，何愁不愈？却上书要退回侯印，辞官归家，这是彰显我的无德呀！你不要有太多的顾虑，安心养病，一定会好起来。
汉武帝准许公孙弘继续休假，并赐给他酒肉和布帛。
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